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I-Self Psychology: Indlela Yokufumana Ubunye Ngaphakathi

I-Self Psychology yindlela yengqondo eyahlukileyo egxile ekubambisaneni nasekupiliseni ‘i-self’ yomntu. Ngokungafani nezinye iindlela zobudlelwane zengqondo, i-Self Psychology ibeka phambili indlela esakhiwa ngayo imvakalelo yethu yobuqu, ingakumbi ngamava esiwafumana ebuntwaneni kunye nobuhlobo esibaziyo. Le ndlela ikholelwa ukuba iingxaki zempilo yengqondo zihlala zivela xa iimfuno zethu zokubambisana, ezifana nokuziva siqondwa, siyaxatyiswa, kwaye sixhaswa, zingazaliseki. Ngokwakha ubudlelwane obuthembekileyo nothembekileyo nogqirha, umntu unokufumana indawo ekhuselekileyo yokuba avuleke, aphilise imilonda engaphakathi, kwaye ekugqibeleni afumane indlela eya kubomi obuzaliseke ngakumbi nobunye. Le ndlela iyanika ithemba lokuguquka ngokunzulu, ikunceda ukuba ukhule uze ube nguwe ongcono. Ukufunda ngakumbi malunga neendlela ezahlukeneyo zengqondo, jonga Isikhokelo esiPheleleyo sePsychotherapy.

Imbali kunye Nemvelaphi ye-Self Psychology

I-Self Psychology yaphuhliswa ngu-Heinz Kohut, ugqirha wengqondo waseMelika owazalwa eOstriya, ngeminyaka yoo-1960 noo-1970. U-Kohut waqala njengomlandeli we-Psychoanalysis yakwaFreud, kodwa wajonga phambili waza wafumanisa ukuba ezinye izinto zale ndlela zazingazichazi ngokupheleleyo okanye zichaze izifo ezininzi zabaguli bakhe. Wayebona ukuba abantu abaninzi babengabonakali njengabantu abanengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwemfuneko zabo zokubambisana, njengokufuna ukubonwa, ukuqondwa, kunye nokuqinisekiswa. Oku kwahlukile kwiimbono zakudala ze-psychoanalytic, ezigxininisa iingxabano zangaphakathi kunye neminqweno ephikisiweyo. I-Self Psychology yahlula i-Psychodynamic psychotherapy ngokugxila kwayo kwinkqubo yokwakhiwa kwe-‘self’ kunye nendima yayo kubudlelwane bomntu. Ikwahlukile kwi-Analytical psychology (Jungian), egxininisa i-archetypes kunye ne-collective unconscious, kunye ne-Object relations psychotherapy, egxininisa indlela esakhiwa ngayo imelelwaniso yethu yabanye abantu ngaphakathi kuthi. Nangona kunjalo, zombini ezi ndlela, kunye ne-Adlerian therapy kunye ne-Classical Adlerian psychotherapy, ezigxininisa umnqweno womntu wokubaluleka kunye nokuzimela, zabelana ngomdla kwindlela esakhiwa ngayo ubomi bomntu. I-Self Psychology ayijongi nje iimpawu kodwa ijolise ekuchukumeni nasekuqondeni imeko yomntu yokuziva. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iye yaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yengqiqo yengqondo, kwaye iye yachaphazela kakhulu iindlela ezifana ne-Transference focused psychotherapy, i-Intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy, i-Dynamic deconstructive psychotherapy, kunye ne-Interpersonal psychoanalysis, zonke ezi zibonisa umdla omkhulu kwindlela esakhiwa ngayo intlalontle yomntu.

Iindlela kunye neziphonso

Inqanaba eliphambili le-Self Psychology kukwakha ubudlelwane obufudumeleyo nothembekileyo phakathi komntu kunye nogqirha. Ugqirha akaziboni njengomntu onguchwepheshe oza kuhlola okanye awelace umntu, kodwa njengomntu oza kubambisana nomntu kwindlela yakhe yokufumana ubunye. Oku kuthetha ukuba ugqirha uya kubonisa ‘ubambiswano’ – oko kukuthi, uya kuzama ukuziva ngaphakathi kwimeko yomntu, ukubonisa ukuqonda okunzulu, kunye nokuqinisekisa imvakalelo yomntu ngendlela aziva ngayo. Oku kunokwenzeka ngeendlela ezininzi, kuquka nokuphulaphula ngononophelo, ukubeka phambili imvakalelo yomntu, nokuphendula ngendlela ebonisa ukuba ugqirha uyayiqonda into umntu adlula kuyo. Akukho ‘ziphonso’ ezingqongqo ezisetyenziswa kwi-Self Psychology, kodwa kukho imigaqo encedisa umntu ukuba aphilise. Ezi ziquka ukuqonda nokujongana ‘neziphoso zokubambisana’ (selfobject failures) ezakhiwa ebuntwaneni, apho iimfuno zomntu zokubambisana zingazaliseki. Ugqirha uza kusebenza kunye nomntu ukubonisa indlela ezi ziphonso zenzeka ngayo kwakhona kwimihla ngemihla, kwaye aphinde azame ukuzalisa ezi mfuno ngendlela enempilo ngoku. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umntu wayengazange azive ethembekile ebuntwaneni, ugqirha angamnceda ukuba azive ethembekile kwakhona ngoku ngokubonisa ubuchwepheshe obuthembekileyo kunye nokubonelela ngendawo ekhuselekileyo yokuba avuleke. I-Psychodynamic psychotherapy, kwakhona, inokusebenzisa ezi ziphonso, kodwa i-Self Psychology igxininisa umdla wobudlelwane bokubambisana njengento ephambili.

Ngubani ofuna i-Self Psychology

I-Self Psychology ilungele nawuphi na umntu onamava obunzima bokungazithembi, ukungazithandi, okanye ukungabi noxolo ngaphakathi. Inceda abo baziva belahlekile, bengakwazi ukuzibona, okanye banamava obudlelwane obunzima. Oku kungabandakanya abantu abaziva bengabalulekanga, bengathandwa, okanye abahlala bekhathazwa ngumlinganiselo omkhulu wokuziphatha okanye ukungazithembi. Abantu abaneemeko ezinje ngeengxaki zokuziphatha, iingxaki zokutya, okanye iingxaki zobudlelwane banokufumana uncedo olukhulu kwi-Self Psychology. Kwakhona ilungele abo bafuna ukuqonda ngakumbi ngabo kwaye baphile ubomi obuzaliseke ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, akufanelekanga ukuba kuqhubekwe xa umntu engakwazi ukuzibophelela kwinkqubo yonyango okanye engakwazi ukwakha ubudlelwane nothembekileyo nogqirha wakhe. Ngokungafani ne-Adlerian therapy, enokugxila kwiinjongo zomntu, i-Self Psychology igxininisa kakhulu imvakalelo yokuziva kunye nendlela esakhiwa ngayo ngamava obudlelwane.

Indlela yokuba ngugqirha weSelf Psychology

Ukuba ufuna ukuba ngugqirha weSelf Psychology, kuya kufuneka uqeqeshwe ngokufanelekileyo kwinkalo yengqondo okanye yobudlelwane bomntu. Oku kudla kuthetha ukuba ube ne-Master’s degree okanye udokotela kwinkalo efana ne-psychology, counselling, okanye social work. Emva koko, kuya kufuneka uthathe uqeqesho olukhethekileyo kwi-Self Psychology, oluqhelekileyo luquka iintetho, iingxoxo, kunye nokufunda izibhalo zikaKohut kunye nabalandeli bakhe. Ukufumana isiqinisekiso, kuya kufuneka ulandele imiyalelo yenhlangano ekuqinisekisayo, enokubandakanya iiyure ezithile zokusebenza kunye nokubeka iliso. Xa ukhetha ugqirha, kubalulekile ukuba ubone ukuba banamava, banesiqinisekiso esivela kwimibutho eyaziwayo, kwaye banobuchwepheshe obubonisa ukuba banokuqonda nokubambisana nawe. Ungalindela ukuba ugqirha akubonelele ngendawo ekhuselekileyo novakalelo, apho ungavuleka khona ngaphandle kokugwetywa.

FAQ: Imibuzo Ephindaphindwayo

Yintoni i-Self Psychology?

I-Self Psychology yindlela yengqondo egxile ekubambisaneni nokuziva komntu. Igxininisa indlela esakhiwa ngayo ‘i-self’ yethu ngokusekelwe kumava ethu okuqala, ngakumbi ubudlelwane nabanye abantu ababalulekileyo kuthi. Ijolise ekuchukumeni nasekuqondeni iimfuno zethu zokubambisana ukuze sikhule kwaye siphile ubomi obutofotofo.

Isebenza njani i-Self Psychology?

I-Self Psychology isebenza ngokwakha ubudlelwane obuthembekileyo phakathi komntu kunye nogqirha. Ugqirha ubonisa ‘ubambiswano’ – ukuziva kunye nokuqonda ngokunzulu oko umntu adlula kuko. Oku kunceda umntu azive eqondwa kwaye avuleke, evumela ukuba aphilise kwaye afumane iindlela ezintsha zokubhekana neengxaki.

Ngubani oncediswa yi-Self Psychology?

I-Self Psychology ilungele nawuphi na umntu onamava obunzima bokungazithembi, ukungazithandi, okanye ukungabi noxolo ngaphakathi. Inceda abo baziva belahlekile, bengakwazi ukuzibona, okanye banamava obudlelwane obunzima. Ikwalungele abo bafuna ukuqonda ngakumbi ngabo kwaye baphile ubomi obuzaliseke ngakumbi.

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